Inqanaba lesithathu le-asynchronousimotoluhlobo lwe-motor induction enikwe amandla ngaxeshanye ngokudibanisa i-380V yesigaba sesithathu se-AC yangoku (umahluko wesigaba se-120 degrees).Ngenxa yokuba i-rotor kunye ne-stator ejikelezayo intsimi yamagnetic yesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor ijikeleza kwicala elifanayo kunye nezantya ezahlukeneyo, kukho isantya sokutyibilika, ngoko kubizwa ngokuba yi-asynchronous phase motor.
Isantya se-rotor yesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor singaphantsi kwesantya sentsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo.I-rotor winding ivelisa amandla e-electromotive kunye nangoku ngenxa yentshukumo ehambelana nomhlaba wemagnethi, kwaye inxibelelana nemagnethi ukuvelisa itorque ye-electromagnetic, ukufezekisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla.
Xa kuthelekiswa nenqanaba elinye le-asynchronousiinjini, inqanaba lesithathu le-asynchronousiinjiniube nokusebenza ngcono kwaye unokugcina izixhobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokwahlukileyo kwizakhiwo ze-rotor, iimotor ezinamanqanaba amathathu asynchronous zinokuhlulwa zibe luhlobo lwekheji kunye nohlobo lwesilonda.
I-asynchronous motor ene-cage rotor inesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza okuthembekileyo, ubunzima obulula, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, elisetyenziswe ngokubanzi.I-drawback yayo ephambili bunzima bokulawulwa kwesantya.
I-rotor kunye ne-stator yesilonda se-asynchronous motor yesigaba sesithathu nazo zixhotyiswe ngee-windings ezithathu kwaye zixhunywe kwi-rheostat yangaphandle ngokusebenzisa iindandatho ze-slip, iibrashi.Ukulungelelanisa ukuchasana kwe-rheostat kunokuphucula ukusebenza kokuqala kwemoto kunye nokulungelelanisa isantya semoto.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor
Xa i-symmetrical ye-alternating current yesigaba sesithathu isetyenziswa kwi-stator yesigaba esithathu, intsimi yemagnethi ejikelezayo iyenziwa ejikeleza i-clockwise ecaleni kwesithuba sesetyhula sangaphakathi se-stator kunye ne-rotor kwi-synchronous speed n1.
Ekubeni intsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo ijikeleza ngesantya se-n1, umqhubi we-rotor umile ekuqaleni, ngoko umqhubi we-rotor uya kunqumla i-stator ejikelezayo intsimi yamagnetic ukuvelisa amandla ombane owenziweyo (isalathiso samandla e-electromotive induced sigqitywe yisandla sokunene. umthetho).
Ngenxa yokujikeleza okufutshane komqhubi we-rotor kuzo zombini iziphelo ngendandatho emfutshane yesekethe, phantsi kwesenzo se-electromotive force eyenziwe, umqhubi we-rotor uya kuvelisa i-current induced ekhoyo ngokusisiseko kwicala elifanayo kunye ne-electromotive force induced.Umqhubi ophetheyo wangoku we-rotor uphantsi kwamandla e-electromagnetic kwi-stator magnetic field (isalathiso samandla sinqunywe ngokusebenzisa umthetho wesandla sasekhohlo).Amandla ombane enza itorque ye-electromagnetic kwi-rotor shaft, eqhuba i-rotor ukuba ijikeleze kwicala lemagnethi ejikelezayo.
Ngolu hlalutyo lungasentla, kunokugqitywa ukuba umgaqo osebenzayo wemoto yombane umi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: xa i-stator-stator windings ye-motor (nganye inomahluko we-angle yombane we-120 degree) zondliwa ngezigaba ezintathu ze-symmetrical alternating current. , intsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo yenziwe, enqumla i-rotor winding kwaye ivelise i-current induced in the rotor winding (i-rotor winding yi-circuit evaliweyo).I-rotor conductor yangoku iya kuvelisa amandla e-electromagnetic phantsi kwesenzo se-stator ejikelezayo yamagnetic, Ke ngoko, i-torque ye-electromagnetic yenziwa kwi-motor shaft, iqhubela i-motor ukuba ijikeleze kwicala elinye kunye ne-magnetic field ejikelezayo.
Umzobo we-Wiring wesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor
Iingcingo ezisisiseko zeemotor ezikwinqanaba elithathu ezingasynchronous:
Iingcingo ezintandathu ukusuka ekujikeni kwe-motor ye-asynchronous yesigaba sesithathu zinokuhlulwa zibe ziindlela ezimbini zokudibanisa ezisisiseko: uxhulumaniso lwe-delta ye-delta kunye neenkwenkwezi.
Iingcingo ezintandathu=injini ezintathu zokujija=intloko ezintathu ziphela+iziphelo zomsila ezintathu, ezine-multimeter yokulinganisa ukudibanisa phakathi kwentloko nomsila iziphelo zokujija okufanayo, okt U1-U2, V1-V2, W1-W2.
1. Indlela yokudibanisa i-delta ye-triangle yeenjini ze-asynchronous zesigaba sesithathu
Indlela yokudibanisa i-delta engunxantathu kukudibanisa iintloko kunye nemisila ye-windings emithathu ngokulandelelana ukwenza unxantathu, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo:
2. Indlela yokudibanisa yenkwenkwezi kwiimotor ezilinganayo zesigaba sesithathu
Indlela yokudibanisa yenkwenkwezi kukudibanisa umsila okanye iziphelo zentloko ze-windings ezintathu, kwaye ezinye iingcingo ezintathu zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kwamandla.Indlela yokudibanisa njengoko ibonisiwe kumfanekiso:
Inkcazo yoMzobo we-Wiring weSigaba esiThathu se-Asynchronous Motor kwiMifanekiso kunye nesicatshulwa
Ibhokisi yesigaba sesithathu sokuhlangana kwemoto
Xa i-motor ye-asynchronous yesigaba sesithathu idibaniswe, indlela yokudibanisa yesiqwenga sokudibanisa kwibhokisi ye-junction ilandelayo:
Xa inqanaba lesithathu le-asynchronous motor liqhagamshelwe kwikona, indlela yoqhagamshelo yesiqwenga soqhagamshelo lwebhokisi ye-junction yile ilandelayo:
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokudibanisa kwiimotor ze-asynchronous zesigaba sesithathu: uxhulumaniso lweenkwenkwezi kunye nokudibanisa unxantathu.
Indlela yokulinganisa unxantathu
Kwii-coil ezijikelezayo ezine-voltage efanayo kunye ne-wire diameter, indlela yokudibanisa yenkwenkwezi inamathuba amathathu angaphantsi kokujika kwisigaba ngasinye (i-1.732 amaxesha) kunye namandla aphindwe kathathu kunendlela yokudibanisa unxantathu.Indlela yokudibanisa yemoto egqityiweyo imiselwe ukumelana nombane we-380V kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ayifanelekanga ukuguqulwa.
Indlela yokudibanisa ingatshintshwa kuphela xa inqanaba le-voltage yesigaba sesithathu lihluke kwi-380V eqhelekileyo.Ngokomzekelo, xa inqanaba le-voltage yesigaba sesithathu i-220V, ukutshintsha indlela yokudibanisa yenkwenkwezi ye-380V yantlandlolo yombane wesigaba sesithathu kwindlela yokudibanisa unxantathu inokusebenza;Xa inqanaba le-voltage yesigaba sesithathu i-660V, i-voltage yesigaba sesithathu se-380V ye-delta yokudibanisa indlela ingatshintshwa ibe yindlela yokudibanisa inkwenkwezi, kwaye amandla ayo ahlala engatshintshi.Ngokubanzi, iinjini ezinamandla aphantsi ziqhagamshelwe inkwenkwezi, ngelixa iimotor ezinamandla amakhulu ziqhagamshelwe kwi-delta.
Kwi-voltage elinganisiweyo, i-delta edibeneyo yemoto kufuneka isetyenziswe.Ukuba itshintshelwe yinkwenkwezi eqhagamshelwe kwi-motor, yeyokusebenza kwe-voltage encitshisiweyo, okubangela ukuhla kwamandla emoto kunye nokuqala okwangoku.Xa uqala i-motor-power-power (indlela yokudibanisa i-delta), i-current iphezulu kakhulu.Ukuze kuncitshiswe impembelelo yokuqalisa ngoku kumgca, ukuqalisa ukuhla kwamkelwa ngokubanzi.Enye indlela kukutshintsha indlela yoqobo yodibaniso lwe-delta ukuya kwindlela yodibaniso lwenkwenkwezi ukuqalisa.Emva kokuba indlela yoqhagamshelo lwenkwenkwezi iqalisiwe, iguqulwa ibuyele kwindlela yoqhagamshelo lwe-delta ukuze isebenze.
Umzobo we-Wiring wesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor
Umzobo obonakalayo wemigca yokudlulisela phambili kunye neyokubuyela umva yenqanaba lesithathu leenjini ze-asynchronous:
Ukufezekisa ulawulo lwangaphambili kunye nokubuyisela umva kwemoto, naziphi na izigaba ezibini zonikezelo lwamandla ayo zinokuhlengahlengiswa ngokumalunga nomnye (siyibiza ngokuba yi-commutation).Ngokuqhelekileyo, isigaba se-V sihlala singatshintshi, kwaye isigaba se-U kunye nesigaba se-W sihlengahlengiswa ngokumalunga nomnye.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukulandelelana kwesigaba se-motor kunokutshintshwa ngokuthembekileyo xa abafowunelwa ababini besebenza, i-wiring kufuneka ihambelane kwi-port ephezulu yoqhagamshelwano, kwaye isigaba kufuneka sihlengahlengiswe kwi-port ephantsi ye-contactor.Ngenxa yokutshintshwa kolandelelwano lwesigaba kwezi zigaba zibini, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba iikhoyili ezimbini ze-KM azikwazi ukufakwa amandla ngexesha elinye, kungenjalo isigaba esibi kakhulu kwisigaba sokuphazamiseka kweesekethe ezimfutshane zingenzeka.Ngoko ke, ukudibanisa kufuneka kwamkelwe.
Ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, i-double interlocking front and reverse control circuit kunye neqhosha elidibeneyo (omatshini) kunye ne-contactor interlocking (umbane) isoloko isetyenziswa;Ngokusebenzisa ukudibanisa iqhosha, nokuba amaqhosha angaphambili nasemva acinezelwe ngaxeshanye, abafowunelwa ababini abasetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwesigaba abanakunikwa amandla ngaxeshanye, ukuphepha ngomatshini isigaba ukuya kwiisekethe ezimfutshane.
Ukongezelela, ngenxa yokudityaniswa kweefowuni ezisetyenzisiweyo, ngokude nje ukuba enye yezonxibelelwano iqhutywe, ukudibanisa kwayo okude okuvaliweyo akuyi kuvala.Ngale ndlela, ekusetyenzisweni komatshini kunye nombane wokudityaniswa kabini, inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla emoto ayinakuba nesigaba ukuya kwisigaba sesekethe ezimfutshane, ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo i-motor kunye nokuthintela iingozi ezibangelwa sisigaba ukuya kwisigaba sesekethe ezimfutshane ngexesha lokumodareyitha kwesigaba, esinokutshisa umnxibelelanisi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-07-2023
