1.Zeziphi iitekhnoloji zokupholisa eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiimoto zombane?
Izithuthi zombane (EVs) zisebenzisa izisombululo ezahlukeneyo zokupholisa ukulawula ubushushu obuveliswa ziinjini.Ezi zisombululo ziquka:
Ukupholisa ulwelo: Jikelezisa ulwelo lokupholisa ngokusebenzisa imijelo engaphakathi kwenjini kunye namanye amalungu.Inceda ukugcina amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo okusebenza, okukhokelela kubushushu obuphezulu bokulahla xa kuthelekiswa nokupholisa komoya.
Ukupholisa Umoya: Umoya ujikeleziswa phezu komphezulu wemoto ukuze ukhuphe ubushushu.Nangona ukupholisa komoya kulula kwaye kulula, ukusebenza kwayo kusenokungabi kuhle njengokupholisa ulwelo, ngakumbi ekusebenzeni okuphezulu okanye kwimisebenzi enzima.
Ukupholisa kwe-oyile: I-oyile ifunxa ubushushu obusuka kwi-motor ize ijikeleze kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa.
Ukupholisa ngokuthe ngqo: Ukupholisa ngokuthe ngqo kubhekiselele ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto zokupholisa okanye iifriji zokupholisa ngokuthe ngqo i-stator windings kunye ne-rotor core, ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu kwizicelo eziphezulu zokusebenza.
Izinto zokutshintsha iSigaba (PCM): Ezi zixhobo zifunxa kwaye zikhulule ubushushu ngexesha leenguqu zesigaba, zibonelela ngolawulo lwe-thermal.Banceda ukulawula ubushushu kunye nokunciphisa imfuno yeendlela zokupholisa ezisebenzayo.
Izitshintshi zobushushu: Abatshintshi bobushushu banokubugqithisa ubushushu phakathi kweenkqubo zolwelo ezohlukeneyo, ezinjengokuhambisa ubushushu ukusuka kwi-injini yokupholisa ukuya kwisifudumezi sekhabhinethi okanye inkqubo yokupholisa ibhetri.
Ukukhethwa kwesisombululo sokupholisa kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana noyilo, iimfuno zokusebenza, iimfuno zolawulo lwe-thermal, kunye nokusetyenziswa okujoliswe kuyo kwezithuthi zombane.Iimoto ezininzi zombane zidibanisa ezi ndlela zokupholisa ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuqinisekisa ixesha elide lemoto.
2.Ziziphi ezona zisombululo zokupholisa eziphambili?
IiNkqubo zokuPholisa zeSigaba eZibini: Ezi nkqubo zisebenzisa izixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba (PCM) ukufunxa nokukhulula ubushushu xa usuka kulwelo ukuya kwigesi.Oku kunokubonelela ngezisombululo zokupholisa ezisebenzayo kunye nezihlangeneyo kumacandelo ezithuthi zombane, kubandakanywa iimoto kunye nezixhobo zombane zamandla.
Ukupholisa i-Microchannel: Ukupholisa i-Microchannel kubhekiselele kusetyenziso lweetshaneli ezincinci kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa ukunyusa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu.Le teknoloji inokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, ukunciphisa ubungakanani kunye nobunzima bamacandelo okupholisa.
Ukupholisa ulwelo ngokuthe ngqo: Ukupholisa ulwelo ngokuthe ngqo kubhekiselele kujikelezo oluthe ngqo lwesipholisi kwinjini okanye enye into evelisa ubushushu.Le ndlela inokubonelela ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lweqondo lokushisa kunye nokususwa kokushisa okusebenzayo, okunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwenkqubo yonke.
Ukupholisa kweThermoelectric: Izinto ze-Thermoelectric zinokuguqula ukuhluka kweqondo lokushisa kwi-voltage, ukubonelela indlela yokupholisa kwendawo kwiindawo ezithile zezithuthi zombane.Le teknoloji inamandla okujongana neendawo ekujoliswe kuzo kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokupholisa.
Imibhobho yobushushu: Imibhobho yobushushu zizixhobo zokudlulisa ubushushu ezingasebenziyo ezisebenzisa umgaqo wesigaba sokutshintsha ubushushu obusebenzayo.Inokuhlanganiswa kumacandelo ezithuthi zombane ukuphucula ukusebenza kokupholisa.
Ulawulo oluSebenzayo lweThermal: I-algorithms yolawulo oluphezulu kunye ne-sensor zisetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ngokuguquguqukayo iinkqubo zokupholisa ngokusekelwe kwidatha yexesha langempela lobushushu.Oku kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okugqibeleleyo kokupholisa ngelixa kuncitshiswa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Iimpompo zokupholisa zesantya esiguquguqukayo: Inkqubo yokupholisa yeTesla inokusebenzisa iimpompo zesantya eziguquguqukayo ukulungelelanisa amazinga okupholisa okupholisa ngokweemfuno zobushushu, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokupholisa kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
IiNkqubo zokuPholisa iHybrid: Ukudibanisa iindlela ezininzi zokupholisa, ezifana nokupholisa ulwelo kunye nokutshintsha kwesigaba sokupholisa okanye ukupholisa i-microchannel, kunokubonelela ngesisombululo esibanzi sokuphucula ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye nokulawulwa kwe-thermal.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukufumana ulwazi lwamva nje malunga nobuchwepheshe bokupholisa bamva nje bezithuthi zombane, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibane noshicilelo lweshishini, amaphepha ophando, kunye nabavelisi bezithuthi zombane.
3. Yeyiphi imingeni izisombululo zokupholisa iimoto eziphambili ezijongene nazo?
Ubunzima kunye neendleko: Ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokupholisa eziphambili ezifana nokupholisa ulwelo, izinto zokutshintsha isigaba, okanye ukupholisa i-microchannel kuya kwandisa ubunzima boyilo lwesithuthi sombane kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa.Oku kuntsonkotha kuya kukhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zemveliso kunye nokugcinwa.
Ukudibanisa kunye nokuPakisha: Ukudibanisa iinkqubo zokupholisa eziphambili kwindawo emxinwa yezakhiwo zezithuthi zombane ngumngeni.Ukuqinisekisa indawo efanelekileyo yamacandelo okupholisa kunye nokulawula iindlela zokujikeleza kwamanzi kunokuba nzima kakhulu ngaphandle kokuchaphazela isakhiwo sesithuthi okanye indawo.
ULondolozo kunye noLungiso: Iinkqubo zokupholisa ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu zinokufuna ulondolozo olukhethekileyo kunye nokulungiswa, okunokuba nzima ngakumbi kunezisombululo zokupholisa zesintu.Oku kunokonyusa iindleko zokulondolozwa nokulungiswa kwabanini-zithuthi zombane.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuSetyenziswa kwamandla: Ezinye iindlela zokupholisa ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu, ezinje ngokupholisa ulwelo, zinokufuna amandla ongezelelweyo okusebenza kwempompo kunye nokujikeleza kolwelo.Ukufumana ibhalansi phakathi kokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokupholisa kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kungumngeni.
IMaterial Compatibility: Xa kukhethwa imathiriyeli yeenkqubo zokupholisa ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngononophelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambelana kwezinto zokupholisa, izinto zokuthambisa, kunye nolunye ulwelo.Ukungahambelani kunokubangela umhlwa, ukuvuza, okanye eminye imiba.
I-Manufacturing and Supply Chain: Ukwamkelwa kobuchwephesha bokupholisa obutsha kunokufuna utshintsho kwiinkqubo zokwenziwa kwemveliso kunye nokuthengwa kweempahla, ezinokuthi zibangele ukulibaziseka kwemveliso okanye imingeni.
Ukuthembeka kunye nobomi obude: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kunye nokuqina kwezisombululo zokupholisa eziphambili kubalulekile.Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa kunokukhokelela ekushiseni, ukuthotywa komgangatho wokusebenza, kunye nomonakalo kwizinto ezibalulekileyo.
Impembelelo yokusiNgqongileyo: Imveliso kunye nokulahlwa kwamalungu enkqubo yokupholisa ekwinqanaba eliphezulu (njengezinto ezitshintsha isigaba okanye ulwelo olukhethekileyo) kunokuba neempembelelo kokusingqongileyo kwaye kufuneka kuqwalaselwe.
Ngaphandle kwale mingeni, uphando olunxulumeneyo kunye nomsebenzi wophuhliso ukhuthazwa ngamandla, kwaye kwixesha elizayo, ezi zisombululo zokupholisa eziphambili ziya kusebenza ngakumbi, zisebenze, kwaye zithembeke.Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji kunye nokuqokelelwa kwamava, le mingeni iya kuncitshiswa ngokuthe ngcembe.
4.Ziziphi izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kuyilo lwenkqubo yokupholisa imoto?
Ukuveliswa kobushushu: Qonda ukuveliswa kobushushu bemoto phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.Oku kubandakanya izinto ezifana nokuphuma kwamandla, umthwalo, isantya, kunye nexesha lokusebenza.
Indlela yokupholisa: Khetha indlela efanelekileyo yokupholisa, njengokupholisa ulwelo, ukupholisa umoya, izixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba, okanye ukupholisa okudityanisiweyo.Qwalasela iingenelo kunye nokungonakali kwendlela nganye ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye nendawo ekhoyo yemoto.
Imimandla yoLawulo lwe-Thermal: Chonga iindawo ezithile ngaphakathi kwemoto ezifuna ukupholisa, ezifana ne-stator windings, rotor, iibheringi kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo.Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zenjini zinokufuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokupholisa.
Umphezulu wokuTshintshela ubushushu: Yila iindawo ezisebenzayo zokuhambisa ubushushu, ezinje ngamaphiko, itshaneli, okanye imibhobho yobushushu, ukuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa kobushushu okusebenzayo ukusuka kwimotor ukuya kwindawo yokupholisa.
UkuKhetha ukuPholisa: Khetha isisipholisi esifanelekileyo okanye ulwelo oluqhuba ubushushu ukunika ukufunxwa kakuhle kobushushu, ukudluliselwa, kunye nokukhulula.Qwalasela izinto ezinje nge-thermal conductivity, ukuhambelana nezinto, kunye nefuthe kokusingqongileyo.
Iqondo lokuHamba kunye noKujikeleza: Misela isantya sokuqukuqela okupholisayo kunye nemo yokujikeleza ukuze kususwe ngokupheleleyo ubushushu be-injini kunye nokugcina ubushushu obuzinzileyo.
Impompo kunye nobukhulu beFan: misela ngokufanelekileyo ubungakanani bempompo yokupholisa kunye nefeni ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba okwaneleyo kokupholisa kunye nokuhamba komoya ukulungiselela ukupholisa okusebenzayo, ngelixa uphepha ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokugqithisileyo.
Ulawulo lobushushu: Sebenzisa inkqubo yokulawula ukujonga ubushushu bemoto ngexesha langempela kwaye uhlengahlengise iiparamitha zokupholisa ngokufanelekileyo.Oku kunokufuna ukusetyenziswa kwezivamvo zobushushu, izilawuli, kunye nee-actuator.
Ukudityaniswa nezinye iiNkqubo: Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nokudibanisa kunye nezinye iinkqubo zezithuthi, ezifana neenkqubo zolawulo lwe-thermal yebhetri kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa amandla e-elektroniki, ukudala isicwangciso esipheleleyo solawulo lwe-thermal.
Izixhobo kunye noKhuseleko lokuMhlwa: Khetha imathiriyeli ehambelana nesipholisi esikhethiweyo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuthintela ukubola ayathathwa ukuthintela ukuthotywa kwexesha.
Izithintelo zeNdawo: Qwalasela indawo ekhoyo ngaphakathi kwisithuthi kunye noyilo lwe-injini ukuqinisekisa ukudityaniswa okusebenzayo kwenkqubo yokupholisa ngaphandle kokuchaphazela amanye amacandelo okanye uyilo lwesithuthi.
Ukuthembeka kunye nokuNgafuneki: Xa kuyilwa inkqubo yokupholisa, ukuthembeka kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kwaye iindlela zokupholisa ezingafunekiyo okanye zokugcina kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwimeko yokusilela kwelungu.
Uvavanyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa: Ukuqhuba uvavanyo olubanzi kunye nokuqinisekiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokupholisa ihlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza kwaye inokulawula ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba.
I-Future Scalability: Qwalasela ifuthe elinokubakho lokuphuculwa kweemoto kwixesha elizayo okanye utshintsho kuyilo lwesithuthi ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo yokupholisa.
Uyilo lweenkqubo zokupholisa iimoto lubandakanya iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufundisa, ukudibanisa ubuchwephesha bobunjineli kumandla obushushu, ubuchwephesha bolwelo, inzululwazi yezixhobo, kunye nombane.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-06-2024
