Phantsi koyilo lwemveli lwe-400V, imagnethi esisigxinaiimotozinotyekelo lokufudumeza kunye nokunciphisa amandla ombane phantsi kweemeko zamandla aphezulu kunye nesantya esiphezulu, okwenza kube nzima ukuphucula amandla enjini iyonke. Oku kunika ithuba lokuba uyilo lwe-800V lufikelele kumandla aphezulu enjini phantsi kobunzulu obufanayo bamandla angoku. Phantsi koyilo lwe-800V,imotoijongene neemfuno ezimbini eziphambili: ukuthintela ukugqwala kunye nokusebenza ngcono kobushushu.
Iindlela Zobuchwephesha:
Indlela yenkqubo yokujika iimoto: ucingo olusicaba. Imoto yocingo olusicaba ibhekisa kwiimotoesebenzisa i-stator ejikelezileyo egqunywe ngobhedu oluthe tyaba (ingakumbi i-motor esisigxina yemagnethi ehambelanayo). Xa kuthelekiswa ne-motor ye-wire wire ejikelezayo, i-motor ye-wire wire ethe tyaba ineengenelo ezifana nobukhulu obuncinci, izinga eliphezulu lokuzalisa i-slot, uxinano lwamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-NVH, kunye nokusebenza okungcono kokushisa kunye nokusebenza kokusasaza ubushushu. Ingahlangabezana ngcono nokulandela ukusebenza kokukhanya, uxinano lwamandla aphezulu, kunye nezinye iimfuno zokusebenza phantsi kwamaqonga e-voltage aphezulu, Kwangaxeshanye, inokunciphisa ingxaki yokubola kwebheyari ebangelwa kukwaphuka kwefilimu yeoyile kunye nokwenziwa komsinga we-shaft xa i-voltage ye-shaft iphezulu.
1. Iteknoloji yokupholisa i-motor: ukupholisa i-oyile. Ukupholisa i-oyile kusombulula iingxaki zobuchwepheshe bokupholisa amanzi ngokunciphisa umthamo we-motor kunye nokunyusa amandla. Inzuzo yokupholisa i-oyile kukuba i-oyile ineempawu ezingahambisi umbane kunye nezingezizo zemagnethi, ukusebenza ngcono kobushushu, kwaye inokuqhagamshelana ngokuthe ngqo nezixhobo zangaphakathi ze-motor. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zokusebenza, amaqondo obushushu angaphakathi e-oyile epholileyoiimotoziphantsi nge-15% kunezo zamanzi apholisiweyoiimoto, okwenza kube lula ukuba injini ikhuphe ubushushu.
Ulawulo lombane: Isisombululo esingesinye seSiC, esibonisa iingenelo zokusebenza
Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokunciphisa ivolumu. Ngokuphucula iqonga lokusebenza le-800V high voltage yeebhetri, kuye kwabekwa phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zezinto ezinxulumene ne-electric drive kunye nolawulo lwe-elektroniki.
Ngokwedatha evela kwiFodie Power, izixhobo ze-silicon carbide zinezibonelelo ezilandelayo ekusebenziseni iimveliso zolawulo lweemoto:
1. Ingaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithwalo ephantsi kwinkqubo yolawulo lwe-elektroniki, yonyusa uluhlu lwesithuthi nge-5-10%;
2. Yongeza uxinano lwamandla esilawuli ukusuka kwi-18kw/L ukuya kwi-45kw/L, nto leyo evumela ukuba i-miniaturization ibe ncinci;
3. Ukunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwendawo esebenza kakuhle okubalwa kwi-85% nge-6%, kunye nokunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwendawo yomthwalo ophakathi nophantsi nge-10%;
4. Umthamo weprototype yokulawula nge-elektroniki ye-silicon carbide uncitshiswa ngama-40%, nto leyo enokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ngempumelelo kwaye incede ekuphuhlisweni kwendlela yokwenza izinto zibe lula.
Ubalo lwendawo yokulawula umbane: Ubungakanani bemarike bunokufikelela kwi-2.5 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan,
I-CAGR yeminyaka emithathu189.9%
Ukubala indawo yesilawuli semoto phantsi komzekelo wesithuthi se-800V, sicinga ukuba:
1. Isithuthi esitsha samandla phantsi kweqonga le-voltage ephezulu sixhotyiswe ngeseti yabalawuli beemoto okanye indibano yokuqhuba ngombane;
2. Ixabiso lemoto enye: Ngokusekelwe kwingeniso/ukuthengiswa kweemveliso ezifanelekileyo ezibhengezwe kwingxelo yonyaka ka-2021 ye-Intel, ixabiso liyi-1141.29 yuan/iseti. Xa sicinga ukuba ukuthandwa kunye nokukhuthaza izixhobo ze-silicon carbide kwicandelo leemveliso zolawulo lwe-elektroniki kwixesha elizayo kuya kukhokelela ekonyukeni kwexabiso leyunithi yeemveliso, sicinga ukuba ixabiso leyunithi liya kuba yi-1145 yuan/iseti ngo-2022 kwaye linyuke unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokwezibalo zethu, ngo-2025, indawo yemarike yasekhaya neyehlabathi yabalawuli bombane kwiqonga le-800V iya kuba yi-1.154 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan kunye ne-2.486 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ngokwahlukeneyo. I-CAGR yeminyaka engama-22 ukuya kwengama-25 iya kuba yi-172.02% kunye ne-189.98%.
Umbane wesithuthi: Ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo seSiC, okuxhasa uphuhliso lwe-800V
Ngokuphathelele ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwemveliso: Xa kuthelekiswa neetyhubhu ze-silicon MOS zemveli, iityhubhu ze-silicon carbide MOS zineempawu ezibalaseleyo ezifana nokuxhathisa okuphantsi kokuqhuba, ukumelana nombane ophezulu, iimpawu ezilungileyo ze-high-frequency, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kunye nomthamo omncinci kakhulu we-junction. Xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso zombane zezithuthi (i-OBC) ezixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezisekelwe kwi-Si, inokunyusa i-switching frequency, inciphise i-volume, inciphise ubunzima, iphucule uxinano lwamandla, kwaye inyuse ukusebenza kakuhle. Umzekelo, i-switching frequency inyuke ngama-4-5 amaxesha; Yehlisa i-volume malunga namaxesha ama-2; Yehlisa ubunzima ngama-2 amaxesha; Uxinano lwamandla lunyusiwe ukusuka kwi-2.1 ukuya kwi-3.3kw/L; Ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle nge-3%+.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zeSiC kunokunceda iimveliso zamandla eemoto ukuba zihambelane neendlela ezinje ngobuninzi bamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa, kunye nokunciphisa ukukhanya, kunye nokuzivumelanisa ngcono neemfuno zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nophuhliso lwamaqonga e-800V. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zamandla zeSiC kwiDC/DC kunokubangela ukumelana nombane ophezulu, ilahleko ephantsi, kunye nokukhanya kwezixhobo.
Ngokuphathelele ekudaleni ukukhula kwemarike: Ukuze zilungelelanise nenqwaba yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ye-400V DC yesiqhelo, izithuthi ezixhotyiswe ngeqonga le-voltage ye-800V kufuneka zixhotyiswe nge-converter eyongezelelweyo ye-DC/DC ukuze zinyuse i-400V ukuya kwi-800V yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC kwiibhetri zamandla, nto leyo eyonyusa ngakumbi imfuno yezixhobo ze-DC/DC. Kwangaxeshanye, iqonga le-voltage ephezulu likwakhuthaze ukuphuculwa kweetshaja ezikwibhodi, nto leyo ezisa izongezo ezintsha kwii-OBC ze-voltage ephezulu.
Ukubalwa kweNdawo yoNikezelo lwaMandla eZithuthi: Ngaphezulu kwe-3 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan esibhakabhakeni kwiminyaka engama-25, iphinda kabini i-CAGR kwiminyaka engama-22-25
Ukubala indawo yemveliso yombane yesithuthi (i-DC/DC converter kunye netshaja yesithuthi i-OBC) phantsi komzekelo wesithuthi se-800V, sicinga ukuba:
Isithuthi esitsha samandla sixhotyiswe ngeseti yee-DC/DC converters kunye ne-OBC yetshaja ekwinqwelo okanye iseti yeemveliso ezidityanisiweyo zamandla akwinqwelo;
Indawo yeMarike yeeMveliso zoMbane zeZithuthi=Ukuthengiswa kweZithuthi ezitsha zamandla × Ixabiso lesithuthi ngasinye semveliso ehambelanayo;
Ixabiso lemoto enye: Ngokusekelwe kwingeniso/umthamo wentengiso yemveliso ehambelanayo kwingxelo yonyaka ka-2021 yeXinrui Technology. Phakathi kwazo, i-DC/DC converter yi-1589.68 yuan/isithuthi; i-OBC ekwinqwelo yi-2029.32 yuan/isithuthi.
Ngokwezibalo zethu, phantsi kweqonga le-800V ngo-2025, indawo yemarike yasekhaya neyehlabathi jikelele yee-DC/DC converters iya kuba yi-1.588 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan kunye ne-3.422 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ngokwahlukeneyo, kunye ne-CAGR ye-170.94% kunye ne-188.83% ukusuka ngo-2022 ukuya ku-2025; Indawo yemarike yasekhaya neyehlabathi jikelele yetshaja ye-OBC ekwibhodi yi-2.027 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan kunye ne-4.369 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ngokwahlukeneyo, kunye ne-CAGR ye-170.94% kunye ne-188.83% ukusuka ngo-2022 ukuya ku-2025.
Ireyitha: Ukunyuka kwexabiso levolumu phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-voltage
I-DC relay ene-voltage ephezulu yeyona nto iphambili kwizithuthi ezintsha zamandla, kwaye isetyenziswa yimoto enye yi-5-8. I-DC relay ene-voltage ephezulu yivalvu yokhuseleko kwizithuthi ezintsha zamandla, engena kwimeko edibeneyo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesithuthi kwaye inokwahlula inkqubo yokugcina amandla kwinkqubo yombane xa isithuthi singasebenzi. Okwangoku, izithuthi zamandla amatsha kufuneka zixhotyiswe nge-5-8 ye-DC relay ene-voltage ephezulu (kubandakanya i-1-2 main relays yokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza isekethe ene-voltage ephezulu xa kwenzeka iingozi okanye ukungaqheleki kwesekethe; itshaja e-1 yangaphambili yokwabelana ngomthwalo wempembelelo ye-main relay; itshaja ezi-1-2 ezikhawulezayo zokwahlula i-high-voltage xa kwenzeka ukungaqheleki kwesekethe ngequbuliso; i-1-2 eqhelekileyo yokutshaja relay; kunye ne-1 ye-high-voltage system assistant machine relay).
Ukubalwa kwendawo yokudluliselana: ii-yuan ezibhiliyoni ezi-3 esibhakabhakeni kwiminyaka engama-25, kunye ne-CAGR engaphezulu kwezihlandlo ezi-2 kwiminyaka engama-22-25
Ukubala indawo yereyila phantsi komzekelo wesithuthi se-800V, sicinga ukuba:
Izithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezinamandla aphezulu kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngeerelay ezi-5-8, ngoko ke sikhetha umndilili, kunye nemfuno yesithuthi esinye se-6;
2. Ukuqwalasela ukunyuka kwexabiso lee-DC relays ngesithuthi ngasinye ngenxa yokukhuthazwa kwamaqonga ee-high-voltage relay kwixesha elizayo, sicinga ukuba ixabiso leyunithi liyi-200 yuan ngeyunithi nganye ngo-2022 kwaye siyalinyusa minyaka le;
Ngokwezibalo zethu, indawo yemarike yeereyi ze-DC ezine-voltage ephezulu kwiqonga le-800V ngo-2025 ikufutshane ne-3 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, nge-CAGR ye-202.6%.
Ii-capacitors zefilimu ezincinci: ukhetho lokuqala kwicandelo lamandla amatsha
Iifilimu ezincinci ziye zaba yindlela ekhethwayo endaweni ye-electrolysis kwicandelo lamandla amatsha. Icandelo eliphambili lenkqubo yokulawula ye-elektroniki yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla yi-inverter. Ukuba ukuguquguquka kwe-voltage kwi-busbar kudlula uluhlu oluvumelekileyo, kuya kubangela umonakalo kwi-IGBT. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ii-capacitors ukuthambisa nokucoca i-voltage yokukhupha ye-rectifier, kunye nokufunxa i-amplitude pulse current ephezulu. Kwicandelo le-inverter, ii-capacitors ezinokumelana ne-surge voltage enamandla, ukhuseleko oluphezulu, ubomi obude, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu zihlala zifuneka. Ii-capacitors zefilimu ezincinci zinokuhlangabezana ngcono neemfuno ezingentla, zizenze zibe lukhetho olukhethwayo kwicandelo lamandla amatsha.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi ezizimeleyo kuyanda kancinci kancinci, kwaye imfuno yee-capacitor zefilimu ezincinci iya kuba phezulu kakhulu kunezinga lokukhula kweshishini lezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Imfuno yamaqonga ezithuthi zamandla amatsha aphezulu inyukile, ngelixa izithuthi zombane eziphezulu ezixhotyiswe ngokutshaja ngokukhawuleza okuphezulu ngokubanzi kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngee-capacitor zefilimu ezincinci ezi-2-4. Iimveliso ze-capacitor zefilimu ezincinci ziya kujongana nemfuno enkulu kunezithuthi zamandla amatsha.
Imfuno yee-capacitors zefilimu ezincinci: Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-voltage ephezulu kuzisa ukukhula okutsha, nge-AGR ye-189.2% kwiminyaka engama-22-25
Ukubala indawo yee-capacitors zefilimu ezincinci phantsi komzekelo wesithuthi se-800V, sicinga ukuba:
1. Ixabiso lee-capacitors zefilimu ezibhityileyo liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimodeli ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi kunye namandla emoto. Okukhona amandla ephezulu, kokukhona ixabiso liphezulu, kwaye ixabiso elifanayo liphezulu. Ukuba ixabiso eliphakathi liyi-300 yuan;
2. Imfuno yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezinokutshaja ngokukhawuleza okunoxinzelelo oluphezulu yiiyunithi ezi-2-4 ngeyunithi nganye, kwaye sicinga ukuba imfuno ephakathi yeeyunithi ezi-3 ngeyunithi nganye.
Ngokwendlela esibalileyo ngayo, indawo ye-capacitor yefilimu eziswe yimodeli yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ye-800V ngo-2025 yi-1.937 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, kunye ne-CAGR = 189.2%
Iziqhagamsheli zevolthi ephezulu: ukuphuculwa kokusetyenziswa kunye nokusebenza
Izixhumi ze-voltage ephezulu zifana nemithambo yegazi emzimbeni womntu, umsebenzi wazo kukudlulisela amandla rhoqo ukusuka kwinkqubo yebhetri ukuya kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokuphathelele umthamo. Okwangoku, uyilo lonke lwenkqubo yesithuthi lusasekelwe kakhulu kwi-400V. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nesidingo sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-800V, kufuneka i-DC/DC voltage converter ukusuka kwi-800V ukuya kwi-400V, ngaloo ndlela kwandiswa inani lezihlanganisi. Ke ngoko, i-ASP ye-high-voltage connector yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla phantsi koyilo lwe-800V iya kuphucuka kakhulu. Siqikelela ukuba ixabiso lemoto enye limalunga ne-3000 yuan (izithuthi zemveli ezisebenzisa ipetroli zinexabiso elimalunga ne-1000 yuan).
Ngokuphathelele ubuchwepheshe. Iimfuneko zezihlanganisi kwiinkqubo ze-high-voltage ziquka:
1. Ine-voltage ephezulu kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwamandla;
2. Sebenzisa imisebenzi yokukhusela ekumgangatho ophezulu phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza;
Zinentsebenzo entle yokukhusela i-electromagnetic. Ke ngoko, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokusebenza phantsi komkhwa we-800V, ukuphindaphinda kwetekhnoloji kwezihlanganisi ze-high-voltage akunakuphepheka.
IiFusi: Ukwanda kwesantya sokungena kweeFusi ezintsha
Iifusi “ziifusi” zezithuthi ezintsha zamandla. Ifusi sisixhobo sombane esithi, xa umbane okwinkqubo udlula ixabiso elilinganisiweyo, ubushushu obuvelisiweyo buza kudibanisa ukunyibilika, nto leyo efezekisa injongo yokuqhawula isekethe.
Izinga lokungena kweefusi ezintsha linyukile. Ifusi yokuvuselela ivuselelwa sisignali yombane ukuze isebenze isixhobo sokuvuselela, esivumela ukuba sikhuphe amandla agciniweyo. Ngamandla oomatshini, ikhawuleza idale ikhefu kwaye igqibezele ukucima i-arc yomsinga omkhulu wempazamo, ngaloo ndlela inqumle umsinga kwaye ifezekise isenzo sokukhusela. Xa kuthelekiswa neefusi zemveli, i-capacitor yokuvuselela ineempawu zobukhulu obuncinci, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, amandla okuthwala umsinga onamandla, ukumelana nokutshotsho okukhulu komsinga, isenzo esikhawulezayo, kunye nexesha lokukhusela elilawulekayo, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke ngakumbi kwiinkqubo zombane ophezulu. Phantsi kwendlela yoyilo lwe-800V, izinga lokungena kwimarike kweefusi zokukhuthaza liya kunyuka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ixabiso lesithuthi esinye lifikelele kwi-250 yuan.
Ukubalwa kwendawo yeefusi kunye nezihlanganisi ze-high-voltage: I-CAGR=189.2% ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-22 ukuya kwengama-25
Ukubala indawo yeefusi kunye nezihlanganisi ze-voltage ephezulu phantsi komzekelo wesithuthi se-800V, sicinga ukuba:
1. Ixabiso lesithuthi esinye sezihlanganisi ze-high-voltage limalunga ne-3000 yuan/isithuthi;
2. Ixabiso lesithuthi esinye sefuse limalunga ne-250 yuan/isithuthi;
Ngokwezibalo zethu, indawo yemarike yezihlanganisi ze-high-voltage kunye neefusi eziziswe yimodeli yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ye-800V ngo-2025 yi-6.458 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan kunye ne-538 yezigidi zeeyuan, ngokwahlukeneyo, nge-CAGR = 189.2%
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-10-2023
